<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhaeze,T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peelen,E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hombrouck,A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peeters,L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B. Van Wijmeersch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lemkens,N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lemkens,P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somers,V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lucas,S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broux,B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stinissen,P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hellings,N.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Circulating Follicular Regulatory T Cells Are Defective in Multiple Sclerosis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J.Immunol.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alternative</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">an</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">article</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Autoimmune Diseases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belgium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">blood</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brussels</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Context</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diseases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">electronic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">expression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frequency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">function</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Functional</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Healthy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hospital</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">im</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impairment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Increase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infectious</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infectious diseases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INFLUENZA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institute</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">journal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marker</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">methylation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MODEL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Sclerosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Of-life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">patients</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">POPULATION</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">production</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">proportion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">public</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">public health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Public-health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regulatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rehabilitation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">report</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Responses</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SB - IM</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">School</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">university</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaccination</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1/8/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">840</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">195</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">832 - 840</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Follicular regulatory T cells (TFR) have been extensively characterized in mice and participate in germinal center responses by regulating the maturation of B cells and production of (auto)antibodies. We report that circulating TFR are phenotypically distinct from tonsil-derived TFR in humans. They have a lower expression of follicular markers, and display a memory phenotype and lack of high expression of B cell lymphoma 6 and ICOS. However, the suppressive function, expression of regulatory markers, and FOXP3 methylation status of blood TFR is comparable with tonsil-derived TFR. Moreover, we show that circulating TFR frequencies increase after influenza vaccination and correlate with anti-flu Ab responses, indicating a fully functional population. Multiple sclerosis (MS) was used as a model for autoimmune disease to investigate alterations in circulating TFR. MS patients had a significantly lower frequency of circulating TFR compared with healthy control subjects. Furthermore, the circulating TFR compartment of MS patients displayed an increased proportion of Th17-like TFR. Finally, TFR of MS patients had a strongly reduced suppressive function compared with healthy control subjects. We conclude that circulating TFR are a circulating memory population derived from lymphoid resident TFR, making them a valid alternative to investigate alterations in germinal center responses in the context of autoimmune diseases, and TFR impairment is prominent in MS&lt;/p&gt;
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