<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heidi Demaegdt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann Ruttens</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aline Jacques</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingrid Ruthy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrick Maggy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karlien Cheyns</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suzy Remy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The influence of lifestyle choices (food, alcohol, smoking) on the blood concentration of Cd, Pb and Hg of newborns, adolescents and adults from Wallonia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6th Imekofoods</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">(cord)blood</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biomonitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7-9/11/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON METROLOGY IN FOOD AND NUTRITION</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dubrovnik, Croatia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;AIM&lt;br&gt;
In the present study, we assessed (cord)blood concentrations of toxic metals (cadmium [Cd], total&lt;br&gt;
mercury [Hg], and lead [Pb] in a representative sample of different age groups (newborns, adolescents&lt;br&gt;
and adults) of the Walloon population in Belgium. We examined the associations of Cd, total Hg and&lt;br&gt;
Pb with habitual intakes of fish and alcohol and other possible determinants such as age, sex and&lt;br&gt;
smoking.&lt;br&gt;
MATERIAL AND METHODS&lt;br&gt;
We analysed blood concentrations of Cd, total Hg, and Pb in a sample of 284 newborns, 283 adolescents&lt;br&gt;
(aged 12-19) and 261 adults (aged 20-39) for the BMH-WAL survey (2019-2020) using inductively&lt;br&gt;
coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The participants completed self-administered questionnaires on&lt;br&gt;
socio-demographic characteristics, diet, certain risk factors for chronic diseases, intake of food&lt;br&gt;
supplements, general environment, housing and life behaviors such as smoking.&lt;br&gt;
RESULTS&lt;br&gt;
Almost all participants had detectable concentrations of Cd, Hg, and Pb in whole (cord)blood, except&lt;br&gt;
for Cd in newborns (100%&amp;lt;LOQ) . The GM blood concentrations for adolescents and adults together&lt;br&gt;
were 0.16 μg/L for Cd, 0.75 μg/L for Hg, and 10.4 μg/L for Pb.&lt;br&gt;
Since tobacco is a major Cd source, the most significant partitioning criteria for blood Cd is typically&lt;br&gt;
the smoking status, but also age and gender show effects. Participants from all age categories who report&lt;br&gt;
fish consumption 4 days prior sampling (including mothers of newborns) show a median blood Hg level&lt;br&gt;
almost twice as high compared to people who do not. Significant partitioning factors evidenced in this&lt;br&gt;
study for blood Pb are age, gender and alcohol consumption, as already reported in other general&lt;br&gt;
population surveys.&lt;br&gt;
CONCLUSIONS&lt;br&gt;
Smoking and alcohol were confirmed determinants for Cd and Pb exposure respectively. We found that&lt;br&gt;
fish was a potentially important source of exposure to Hg in the Walloon population, including for&lt;br&gt;
newborns. Newborns are also already exposed to Hg and Pb, for Hg even to a higher extent than adults&lt;br&gt;
and adolescents.&lt;/p&gt;
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