<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niels Adriaenssens</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beatrice Scholtes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pauline Van Ngoc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laëtitia Buret</style></author></secondary-authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruyndonckx, Robin</style></author></tertiary-authors><subsidiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan Yvan Jos Verbakel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An De Sutter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefan Heytens</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann Van Den Bruel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Desombere</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Damme, Pierre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goossens, Herman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Els Duysburgh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coenen, Samuel</style></author></subsidiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevalence, incidence and longevity of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among primary healthcare providers in Belgium: a prospective cohort study with 12 months of follow-up.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMJ Open</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belgium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Follow-Up Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Personnel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunoglobulin G</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunoglobulin M</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">incidence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">prevalence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prospective Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SARS-CoV-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seroepidemiologic Studies</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022 Sep 19</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OBJECTIVES: &lt;/b&gt;To estimate the prevalence, incidence and longevity of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among primary healthcare providers (PHCPs).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;DESIGN: &lt;/b&gt;Prospective cohort study with 12 months of follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;SETTING: &lt;/b&gt;Primary care in Belgium.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;PARTICIPANTS: &lt;/b&gt;Any general practitioner (GP) working in primary care in Belgium and any other PHCP from the same GP practice who physically manages (examines, tests, treats) patients were eligible. A convenience sample of 3648 eligible PHCPs from 2001 GP practices registered for this study (3044 and 604 to start in December 2020 and January 2021, respectively). 3390 PHCPs (92,9%) participated in their first testing time point (2820 and 565, respectively) and 2557 PHCPs (70,1%) in the last testing time point (December 2021).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;INTERVENTIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Participants were asked to perform a rapid serological test targeting IgM and IgG against the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 and to complete an online questionnaire at each of maximum eight testing time points.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: &lt;/b&gt;The prevalence, incidence and longevity of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 both after natural infection and after vaccination.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;Among all participants, 67% were women and 77% GPs. Median age was 43 years. The seroprevalence in December 2020 (before vaccination availability) was 15.1% (95% CI 13.5% to 16.6%), increased to 84.2% (95% CI 82.9% to 85.5%) in March 2021 (after vaccination availability) and reached 93.9% (95% CI 92.9% to 94.9%) in December 2021 (during booster vaccination availability and fourth (delta variant dominant) COVID-19 wave). Among not (yet) vaccinated participants the first monthly incidence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was estimated to be 2.91% (95% CI 1.80% to 4.01%). The longevity of antibodies is higher in PHCPs with self-reported COVID-19 infection.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;This study confirms that occupational health measures provided sufficient protection when managing patients. High uptake of vaccination resulted in high seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in PHCPs in Belgium. Longevity of antibodies was supported by booster vaccination and virus circulation.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: &lt;/b&gt;NCT04779424.&lt;/p&gt;
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