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Home > Biblio > Magnitude and determinants of excess total, age-specific and sex-specific all-cause mortality in 24 countries worldwide during 2020 and 2021: results on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic from the C-MOR project.

Magnitude and determinants of excess total, age-specific and sex-specific all-cause mortality in 24 countries worldwide during 2020 and 2021: results on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic from the C-MOR project.

Health and disease monitoring  
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Public Access

Published

Peer reviewed scientific article

English

DOI : 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013018 [2]

Authors

Chryso Th Pallari [3]; Souzana Achilleos [4]; Annalisa Quattrocchi [5]; John Gabel [6]; Elena Critselis [7]; Maria Athanasiadou [8]; Mohammad Reza Rahmanian Haghighi [9]; Stefania Papatheodorou [10]; Tianyu Liu [11]; Andreas Artemiou [12]; Jose M Rodriguez-Llanes [13]; Catherine M Bennett [14]; Claudia Zimmermann [15]; Eva Schernhammer [16]; Natalia Bustos Sierra [17]; Reindert Ekelson [18]; Lobato, Jackeline [19]; Laylla Macedo [20]; Mortensen, Laust Hvas [21]; Julia Critchley [22]; Lucy Goldsmith [23]; Denissov, Gleb [24]; Le Meur, Nolwenn [25]; Kandelaki, Levan [26]; Kostas Athanasakis [27]; Binyamin Binyaminy [28]; Tamar Maor [29]; Fabrizio Stracci [30]; Giuseppe Ambrosio [31]; Kairat Davletov [32]; Nataliya Glushkova [33]; Martial, Cyndy [34]; Marie Chan Sun [35]; Terje P Hagen [36]; Mario Chong [37]; Manuel Barron [38]; Łyszczarz, Błażej [39]; Ivan Erzen [40]; Peter Arcos Gonzalez [41]; Bo Burström [42]; Nataliia Pidmurniak [43]; Olesia Verstiuk [44]; Huang, Qian [45]; Antonis Polemitis [46]; Andreas Charalambous [47]; Christiana A Demetriou [48]

Keywords

  1. COVID-19; Control strategies; Epidemiology; Public Health; Vaccines [49]
Article written during project(s) : 
COVID-19 Mortality Epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19 mortality [50]
Be-MOMO The Belgian Mortality Monitoring [51]

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION: To examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality, we estimated excess all-cause mortality in 24 countries for 2020 and 2021, overall and stratified by sex and age. METHODS: Total, age-specific and sex-specific weekly all-cause mortality was collected for 2015-2021 and excess mortality for 2020 and 2021 was calculated by comparing weekly 2020 and 2021 age-standardised mortality rates against expected mortality, estimated based on historical data (2015-2019), accounting for seasonality, and long-term and short-term trends. Age-specific weekly excess mortality was s…
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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: To examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality, we estimated excess all-cause mortality in 24 countries for 2020 and 2021, overall and stratified by sex and age.

METHODS: Total, age-specific and sex-specific weekly all-cause mortality was collected for 2015-2021 and excess mortality for 2020 and 2021 was calculated by comparing weekly 2020 and 2021 age-standardised mortality rates against expected mortality, estimated based on historical data (2015-2019), accounting for seasonality, and long-term and short-term trends. Age-specific weekly excess mortality was similarly calculated using crude mortality rates. The association of country and pandemic-related variables with excess mortality was investigated using simple and multilevel regression models.

RESULTS: Excess cumulative mortality for both 2020 and 2021 was found in Austria, Brazil, Belgium, Cyprus, England and Wales, Estonia, France, Georgia, Greece, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Mauritius, Northern Ireland, Norway, Peru, Poland, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine, and the USA. Australia and Denmark experienced excess mortality only in 2021. Mauritius demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in all-cause mortality during both years. Weekly incidence of COVID-19 was significantly positively associated with excess mortality for both years, but the positive association was attenuated in 2021 as percentage of the population fully vaccinated increased. Stringency index of control measures was positively and negatively associated with excess mortality in 2020 and 2021, respectively.

CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence of substantial excess mortality in most countries investigated during the first 2 years of the pandemic and suggests that COVID-19 incidence, stringency of control measures and vaccination rates interacted in determining the magnitude of excess mortality.

Associated health topics:

COVID-19 [52]
Mortality [53]

Source URL:https://sciensano.be/en/biblio/magnitude-and-determinants-excess-total-age-specific-and-sex-specific-all-cause-mortality-24-0

Links
[1] https://sciensano.be/sites/default/files/e013018.full__3.pdf [2] https://sciensano.be/en/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013018 [3] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187093&f%5Bsearch%5D=Chryso%20Th%20Pallari [4] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187094&f%5Bsearch%5D=Souzana%20Achilleos [5] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187095&f%5Bsearch%5D=Annalisa%20Quattrocchi [6] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187096&f%5Bsearch%5D=John%20Gabel [7] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187097&f%5Bsearch%5D=Elena%20Critselis [8] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187098&f%5Bsearch%5D=Maria%20Athanasiadou [9] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187099&f%5Bsearch%5D=Mohammad%20Reza%20Rahmanian%20Haghighi [10] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187100&f%5Bsearch%5D=Stefania%20Papatheodorou [11] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187101&f%5Bsearch%5D=Tianyu%20Liu [12] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187102&f%5Bsearch%5D=Andreas%20Artemiou [13] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187103&f%5Bsearch%5D=Jose%20M%20Rodriguez-Llanes [14] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187104&f%5Bsearch%5D=Catherine%20M%20Bennett [15] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187105&f%5Bsearch%5D=Claudia%20Zimmermann [16] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187106&f%5Bsearch%5D=Eva%20Schernhammer [17] https://sciensano.be/en/people/natalia-bustos-sierra/biblio [18] https://sciensano.be/en/people/reindert-ekelson/biblio [19] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187109&f%5Bsearch%5D=Lobato%2C%20Jackeline [20] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187110&f%5Bsearch%5D=Laylla%20Macedo [21] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187111&f%5Bsearch%5D=Mortensen%2C%20Laust%20Hvas [22] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187112&f%5Bsearch%5D=Julia%20Critchley [23] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187113&f%5Bsearch%5D=Lucy%20Goldsmith [24] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=51486&f%5Bsearch%5D=Denissov%2C%20Gleb [25] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187114&f%5Bsearch%5D=Le%20Meur%2C%20Nolwenn [26] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187115&f%5Bsearch%5D=Kandelaki%2C%20Levan [27] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187116&f%5Bsearch%5D=Kostas%20Athanasakis [28] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187117&f%5Bsearch%5D=Binyamin%20Binyaminy [29] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187118&f%5Bsearch%5D=Tamar%20Maor [30] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187119&f%5Bsearch%5D=Fabrizio%20Stracci [31] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187120&f%5Bsearch%5D=Giuseppe%20Ambrosio [32] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187121&f%5Bsearch%5D=Kairat%20Davletov [33] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187122&f%5Bsearch%5D=Nataliya%20Glushkova [34] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187123&f%5Bsearch%5D=Martial%2C%20Cyndy [35] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187124&f%5Bsearch%5D=Marie%20Chan%20Sun [36] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187125&f%5Bsearch%5D=Terje%20P%20Hagen [37] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187126&f%5Bsearch%5D=Mario%20Chong [38] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187127&f%5Bsearch%5D=Manuel%20Barron [39] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187128&f%5Bsearch%5D=%C5%81yszczarz%2C%20B%C5%82a%C5%BCej [40] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187129&f%5Bsearch%5D=Ivan%20Erzen [41] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187130&f%5Bsearch%5D=Peter%20Arcos%20Gonzalez [42] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187131&f%5Bsearch%5D=Bo%20Burstr%C3%B6m [43] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187132&f%5Bsearch%5D=Nataliia%20Pidmurniak [44] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187133&f%5Bsearch%5D=Olesia%20Verstiuk [45] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187134&f%5Bsearch%5D=Huang%2C%20Qian [46] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187135&f%5Bsearch%5D=Antonis%20Polemitis [47] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187136&f%5Bsearch%5D=Andreas%20Charalambous [48] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=187137&f%5Bsearch%5D=Christiana%20A%20Demetriou [49] https://sciensano.be/en/biblio?f%5Bkeyword%5D=38428&f%5Bsearch%5D=COVID-19%3B%20Control%20strategies%3B%20Epidemiology%3B%20Public%20Health%3B%20Vaccines [50] https://sciensano.be/en/projects/epidemiological-surveillance-covid-19-mortality [51] https://sciensano.be/en/projects/belgian-mortality-monitoring [52] https://sciensano.be/en/health-topics/covid-19 [53] https://sciensano.be/en/health-topics/mortality