<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waeckerle-Men,Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nicolas Bruffaerts</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liang,Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabienne Jurion</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sander,P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kundig,T.M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Huygen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansen,P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymph node targeting of BCG vaccines amplifies CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses and protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis34032</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaccine</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">a</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">administration &amp; dosage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">article</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BCG</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BCG Vaccine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benefit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">benefits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell Proliferation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytokines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disease Models,Animal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dissemination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">effective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">electronic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frequency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Help</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hospital</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">im</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">immune response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunisation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">immunology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">injection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Injections,Intradermal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Injections,Intralymphatic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Injections,Subcutaneous</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intradermal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">journal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymph Nodes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lymphocyte</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymphocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">methods</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mice,Inbred C57BL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycobacterium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycobacterium bovis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Objective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pathogenicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">prevention &amp; control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">problems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">production</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">protection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pulmonary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">recombinant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Support</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Responses</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">risk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SB - IM</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secretion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strategies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strategy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Switzerland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">time</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Times</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuberculosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuberculosis,Pulmonary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">university</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">university hospital</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaccination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vaccine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vaccines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">varieties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">variety</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4/2/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1064</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1057 - 1064</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaccination with Mycobacterium bovis BCG provides limited protection against pulmonary tuberculosis and a risk of dissemination in immune-compromised vaccinees. For the development of new TB vaccines that stimulate strong T-cell responses a variety of strategies is being followed, especially recombinant BCG and attenuated M. tuberculosis. The objective of the current study was to test potential benefits of vaccination through direct lymph-node targeting of wildtype BCG; the recommended route of vaccination with BCG is intradermal. C57BL/6 mice were immunised with BCG by intradermal, subcutaneous or intralymphatic injections. Cellular immune responses and protection against M. tuberculosis were determined. Intralymphatic vaccination was 100-1000 times more effective in stimulating BCG-specific immune responses than intradermal or subcutaneous immunisation. Intralymphatic administration stimulated high frequencies of mycobacterium-specific lymphocytes with strong proliferating capacity and production of TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-17 and, especially, IFN-gamma secretion by. CD4 and CD8 T cells. Most importantly, intralymphatic vaccination with 2x10(3)CFU BCG induced sustained protection against M. tuberculosis in intratracheally challenged C57BL/6 mice, whereas subcutaneous vaccination with 2x10(5)CFU BCG conferred only a transient protection. Hence, direct administration of M. bovis BCG to lymph nodes demonstrates that efficient targeting to lymph nodes may help to overcome the efficacy problems of vaccination with BCG</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">34032</style></custom1><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1057</style></section></record></records></xml>