<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kris De Clercq</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandaele, Leen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vanbinst, Tine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mickaël Riou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deblauwe, Isra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wesselingh, Wendy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Pinard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mieke Van Eetvelde</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olivier Boulesteix</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bart Leemans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robert Gélineau</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Griet Vercauteren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van der Heyden, Sara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jean-François Beckers</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saegerman, Claude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sammin, Donal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Kruif, Aart</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ilse De Leeuw</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transmission of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 8 by Artificial Insemination with Frozen-Thawed Semen from Naturally Infected Bulls.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viruses</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abortion, Veterinary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bluetongue</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bluetongue virus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cattle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cattle Diseases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">France</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insemination, Artificial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnancy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">semen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semen Preservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serogroup</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021 04 09</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Transmission of bluetongue (BT) virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) via artificial insemination of contaminated frozen semen from naturally infected bulls was investigated in two independent experiments. Healthy, BT negative heifers were hormonally synchronized and artificially inseminated at oestrus. In total, six groups of three heifers received semen from four batches derived from three bulls naturally infected with BTV-8. Each experiment included one control heifer that was not inseminated and that remained BT negative throughout. BTV viraemia and seroconversion were determined in 8 out of 18 inseminated heifers, and BTV was isolated from five of these animals. These eight heifers only displayed mild clinical signs of BT, if any at all, but six of them experienced pregnancy loss between weeks four and eight of gestation, and five of them became BT PCR and antibody positive. The other two infected heifers gave birth at term to two healthy and BT negative calves. The BT viral load varied among the semen batches used and this had a significant impact on the infection rate, the time of onset of viraemia post artificial insemination, and the gestational stage at which pregnancy loss occurred. These results, which confirm unusual features of BTV-8 infection, should not be extrapolated to infection with other BTV strains without thorough evaluation. This study also adds weight to the hypothesis that the re-emergence of BTV-8 in France in 2015 may be attributable to the use of contaminated bovine semen.&lt;/p&gt;
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