<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brecht Devleesschauwer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aline Scohy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robby De Pauw</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vanessa Gorasso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Kongs</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elias Neirynck</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Verduyckt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grant M A Wyper</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laura Van den Borre</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Investigating years of life lost in Belgium, 2004-2019: A comprehensive analysis using a probabilistic redistribution approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Public Health</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belgium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">burden of disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cause of Death</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garbage code</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ill-defined death</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mortality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Redistribution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Years of life lost</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023 Aug 25</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;INTRODUCTION: &lt;/b&gt;Information on years of life lost (YLL) due to premature mortality is instrumental to assess the fatal impact of disease and necessary for the calculation of Belgian disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). This study presents a novel method to reallocate causes of death data.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;Causes of death data are provided by Statistics Belgium (Statbel). First, the specific ICD-10 codes that define the underlying cause of death are mapped to the GBD cause list. Second, ill-defined deaths (IDDs) are redistributed to specific ICD-10 codes. A four-step probabilistic redistribution was developed to fit the Belgian context: redistribution using predefined ICD codes, redistribution using multiple causes of death data, internal redistribution, and redistribution to all causes. Finally, we used the GBD 2019 reference life table to calculate Standard Expected Years of Life Lost (SEYLL).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;In Belgium, between 2004 and 2019, IDDs increased from 31 to 34% of all deaths. The majority was redistributed using predefined ICD codes (14-15%), followed by the redistribution using multiple causes of death data (10-12%). The total number of SEYLL decreased from 1.83 to 1.73&amp;nbsp;million per year. In 2019, the top cause of SEYLL was lung cancer with a share of 8.5%, followed by ischemic heart disease (8.1%) and Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (5.7%). All results are available in an online tool https://burden.sciensano.be/shiny/mortality2019/ .&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION: &lt;/b&gt;The redistribution process assigned a specific cause of death to all deaths in Belgium, making it possible to investigate the full mortality burden for the first time. A large number of estimates were produced to estimate SEYLL by age, sex, and region for a large number of causes of death and every year between 2004 and 2019. These estimates are important stepping stones for future investigations on Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in Belgium.&lt;/p&gt;
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