<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K. De Schrijver</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sophie Bertrand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I. Gutierrez Garitano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van den Branden,D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Schaeren,J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outbreak of Shigella sonnei infections in the Orthodox Jewish community of Antwerp, Belgium, April to August 200836530</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Euro.Surveill</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">a</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADOLESCENT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ALL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">an</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">analysi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibiotic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antwerp</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">article</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attack</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belgium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caregivers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child,Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHILDREN</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CI</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cohort Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cohort study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">community</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contact Tracing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disease Notification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disease Outbreaks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dna</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA Fingerprinting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA,Bacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drug effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug Resistance,Multiple,Bacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dysentery,Bacillary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">electronic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electrophoresis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">father</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hand</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Handwashing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hospitalization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">household</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">households</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">identify</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">im</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INFECTION</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infectious</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INFORMATION</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interval</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isolation &amp; purification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Israel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jews</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">journal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Length of Stay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multivariate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multivariate Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">outbreak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">parents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">prevention &amp; control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">profile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">relative</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Relative risk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">risk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk factor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk-factor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk-factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sample</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samples</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SB - IM</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">School</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shigella</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shigella sonnei</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spread</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">statistics &amp; numerical data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">strain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transmission</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Travel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urban Population</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0/0/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the beginning of April 2008 three cases of Shigella sonnei infection were identified among the Orthodox Jewish community of Antwerp, Belgium. We conducted a descriptive study and a household cohort study to identify potential risk factors. Stool samples were cultured and antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined. Between April and August 2008, 42 cases were registered. All characterised isolates (n=20) shared an identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile and were indistinguishable from one of the twelve main strains detected in Israel in 2008, where the index case's father had stayed before the outbreak. The secondary attack rate in households was 8.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.3-12.7). Multivariate analysis identified the following risk factors for secondary spread: households with more than three children (adjusted relative risk (RR): 9.17; 95% CI: 1.21-69.13), children younger than five years (adjusted RR: 5.45; 95% CI: 2.44-12.62), and children younger than 12 years assisting in washing younger siblings (adjusted RR: 5.45; 95% CI: 2.44-12.17). Rigorous hand washing, use of disposable towels, information for parents and caregivers, and exclusion of symptomatic children from day care, preschool and school for a minimum of 48 hours were implemented</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38143</style></custom1></record></records></xml>