<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laëtitia Canini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sandra Blaise-Boisseau</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antonello Di Nardo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaw, Andrew E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aurore Romey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthony Relmy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cindy Bernelin-Cottet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne-Laure Salomez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andy Haegeman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussaini Ularamu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hafsa Madani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ouoba, Bruno Lalidia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zerbo, Habibata Lamouni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mamadou Lamarana Souare</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyprien Yapi Boke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ibrahim Eldaghayes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdunaser Dayhum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moina Hasni Ebou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nabil Abouchoaib</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soufien Sghaier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David Lefebvre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kris De Clercq</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valerie Milouet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brocchi, Emiliana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giulia Pezzoni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charles Nfon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Donald King</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Durand, Benoit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nick Knowles</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kassimi, Labib Bakkali-</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Souheyla Benfrid</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Identification of diffusion routes of O/EA-3 topotype of foot-and-mouth disease virus in Africa and Western Asia between 1974 and 2019 - a phylogeographic analysis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transbound Emerg Dis</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bayes Theorem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cattle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disease Outbreaks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foot-and-Mouth Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nigeria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serogroup</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022 Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">69</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) affects the livestock industry and socioeconomic sustainability of many African countries. The success of FMD control programs in Africa depends largely on understanding the dynamics of FMD virus (FMDV) spread. In light of the recent outbreaks of FMD that affected the North-Western African countries in 2018 and 2019, we investigated the evolutionary phylodynamics of the causative serotype O viral strains all belonging to the East-Africa 3 topotype (O/EA-3). We analyzed a total of 489 sequences encoding the FMDV VP1 genome region generated from samples collected from 25 African and Western Asian countries between 1974 and 2019. Using Bayesian evolutionary models on genomic and epidemiological data, we inferred the routes of introduction and migration of the FMDV O/EA-3 topotype at the inter-regional scale. We inferred a mean substitution rate of 6.64&amp;nbsp;×&amp;nbsp;10 &amp;nbsp;nt/site/year and we predicted that the most recent common ancestor for our panel of samples circulated between February 1967 and November 1973 in Yemen, likely reflecting the epidemiological situation in under sampled cattle-exporting East African countries. Our study also reinforces the role previously described of Sudan and South Sudan as a frequent source of FMDVs spread. In particular, we identified two transboundary routes of O/EA-3 diffusion: the first from Sudan to North-East Africa, and from the latter into Israel and Palestine AT; a second from Sudan to Nigeria, Cameroon, and from there to further into West and North-West Africa. This study highlights the necessity to reinforce surveillance at an inter-regional scale in Africa and Western Asia, in particular along the identified migration routes for the implementation of efficient control measures in the fight against FMD.&lt;/p&gt;
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